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Urban Growth Boundaries Strike in San Jose

Urban growth boundaries have struck housing affordability again, this time in San Jose, CA, according to a study by the Reason Public Policy Institute.

The city’s housing prices zoomed an astronomical 936% from 1976 to 2000, the fastest increase in the country during that period, the institute’s study found, largely because urban growth boundaries drove up the cost of land.

A similar phenomenon has occurred in Portland, OR, the country’s most notorious example of how the boundaries can lead to skyrocketing home prices.

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Land-use regulations that make it more time-consuming — and more expensive — to build housing subdivisions were another major factor behind San Jose’s meteoric rise in home prices, according to the study.

“Today, a five-year-old, two-bedroom house that would be considered a ‘starter home’ in most cities sells for around $400,000 in San Jose,” the report says. “In October, 2002, the average sale price of a single-family detached home in Santa Clara County was $641,000, while the average condo or townhouse sold for $372,000.

 San Jose’s misbegotten growth boundaries have also snarled traffic, according to the study.

And the city’s solution — a light rail system initiated in the early 1980s — hasn’t been much help. Today, that system suffers from chronically low ridership. The system carries 1,749 passengers per day per route mile, compared to San Francisco’s BART, which carries 17,074. The San Jose Freeway carries 29,950 passengers per day per lane mile.

“Very few people can both live and work on a single thin line drawn by a planner for a light rail route,” according to the report’s author, Randal O’Toole. “Very few people are willing to take a bus to the train, the train to a bus, the bus to work, and vice versa on the way home.”

As a result of poor transportation planning, the average San Jose commuter today spends three times as much time in traffic as two decades ago, the report finds.

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